.New Brain Technique Method Unveils Hidden Connections Behind Higher Order Functions
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.New Brain Technique Method Unveils Hidden Connections Behind Higher Order Functions
새로운 뇌 기술 방법은 고차 함수 뒤에 숨겨진 연결을 밝힙니다
버밍엄 대학교 에서 제공2024년 12월 15일1개의 댓글
뉴런 뇌 활동 의식 생각 새로운 뇌 매핑 방법은 복잡한 기능을 지원하기 위해 여러 영역 그룹이 어떻게 상호 작용하는지 밝혀내어 행동과 질병에 대한 통찰력을 제공합니다. 새로운 뇌 매핑 방법은 복잡한 신경 상호 작용을 밝혀내어 작업 식별, 고유한 뇌 "지문" 및 행동 통찰력을 가능하게 합니다. 신경 과학을 발전시키고 신경 퇴행성 질환을 이해하는 데 희망을 줍니다. 뇌 활동과 연결을 매핑하는 획기적인 접근법은 언어, 사고, 주의와 같은 고차 기능의 구성에 대한 새로운 통찰력을 제공했습니다.
뇌 활동에 대한 기존 모델은 일반적으로 한 번에 두 영역 간의 상호 작용에 초점을 맞춥니다. 이러한 제한은 여러 뇌 영역이 동시에 관련된 상호 작용의 복잡성을 포착할 만큼 아직 충분히 발전하지 못한 기존 모델링 기술의 제약에서 비롯됩니다. 버밍엄 대학 의 연구자들이 개발한 새로운 접근법은 신경 영상을 통해 측정된 신호를 수집하고 이를 통해 다양한 뇌 영역이 특정 기능과 행동에 어떻게 기여하는지 보여주는 정확한 모델을 생성할 수 있습니다.
결과는 Nature Communications 에 게재되었습니다 . 수석 연구원인 엔리코 아미코 박사는 "뇌와 같은 복잡한 시스템은 영역 쌍 간의 상호작용이 아니라 영역 그룹 간의 상호작용에 의존합니다. 우리는 이것이 사실이라는 것을 이론적으로는 알고 있지만, 지금까지 이를 모델링하는 데 필요한 처리 능력이 없었습니다."라고 말했습니다. 인간 연결체 프로젝트 데이터 활용 이 연구에서 이 그룹은 Human Connectome Project의 일부로 기록된 fMRI 스캔 데이터를 사용했습니다. 이 대규모 연구 컨소시엄은 인간의 뇌를 매핑하고, 그 구조를 기능과 행동에 연결하기 위해 설립되었습니다.
그러나 이러한 스캔은 신경 활동에 대한 '노이즈가 있는' 추정치만 제공할 수 있으므로 통계적 방법을 사용하여 데이터를 정리하고 신경 영상 신호로부터 상호 작용에 대한 정확한 추정치를 수집하는 것이 필요합니다.
프로젝트 데이터뱅크에서 관련 없는 100개의 주제를 가져와 팀은 고차 상호작용에 대한 자세한 모델을 만들었습니다. 그들은 접근 방식이 얼마나 유용한지 테스트하기 위해 설계된 세 가지 핵심 영역에서 이를 테스트했습니다.
새로운 방법의 응용
첫 번째 연구에서는 fMRI 스캐너에 있는 동안 개인이 어떤 작업을 했을지 식별할 수 있음을 보여주었습니다. 두 번째 연구 영역에서는 해당 신호를 개인의 고유한 뇌 지문으로 사용하여 뇌 신호에서 특정 개인을 식별할 수 있음을 보여주었습니다. 세 번째 영역에서 연구자들은 개인의 고차원 뇌 신호를 저차원 신호로부터 어떻게 분리할 수 있는지, 그리고 그것들을 각 개인의 행동적 특징과 어떻게 연관시킬 수 있는지 보여주었습니다.
이탈리아 CENTAI 연구소의 안드레아 산토로 박사는 이 논문의 첫 번째 저자입니다. 그는 "건강한 개인의 데이터를 사용하여 검증된 우리의 접근 방식은 이 방법이 신경 과학 연구에 제공할 수 있는 상당한 이점을 보여줍니다. 앞으로 이 방법은 알츠하이머병과 같은 신경 퇴행성 질환을 앓고 있는 개인의 상호작용을 모델링하는 데 사용될 수 있으며 , 이를 통해 뇌 기능이 시간이 지남에 따라 어떻게 변화하는지에 대한 귀중한 통찰력을 제공하거나 이러한 질환의 임상 전 증상을 식별하는 데에도 사용될 수 있습니다." 라고 말했습니다.
참고문헌: Andrea Santoro, Federico Battiston, Maxime Lucas, Giovanni Petri, Enrico Amico의 "Higher-order connectomics of human brain function reveals local topological signatures of task decoding, individual identification, and behavior", 2024년 11월 26일, Nature Communications .
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54472-y
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mssoms
D memo 2412151251 Source 1. Analysis _【】Great discovery!!!
1.
Breaking old beliefs: New research shows that long-term memories can be formed without short-term memory.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute in Florida have challenged existing theories by discovering that [1]long-term memories can be formed independently of short-term memories, and have revealed parallel pathways for memory formation.
[1-1]Long-term memories can be formed without short-term memories, and this reveals new brain pathways.
_[1, 1-1]Well-organized memories are like completed puzzles, and are likely to be stably preserved in the memory warehouse. As a result, the degree of completion is increased by reassembly, and the path of msbase.puzzle, which completes the puzzle in another way, may have been stored in permanent memory, securing a biological unique code of base sequences like DNA. Proving this is the msoss dark code memory. This traces the memory of life and traces the distant memory of the individual's biological evolution path, which is the memory of dreams and the infantile memory of the subconscious that Freud thought of.
This may not be a long-term memory that is a completed puzzle formed in an instant and is a polymerization of short-term memories. Hmm.
2.
Scientists at the Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience have discovered [2] a new mechanism for the formation of long-term memories in the brain. According to their research, long-term memories can develop independently of short-term memories, which presents an interesting possibility for understanding memory-related diseases.
_[2] If we define that this long-term memory is related to DNA genetic information, then this means that the biological design is ultimately nothing more than a subtype of the brain's long-term memory msbase.nk2 type DNA. Therefore, we conclude that the DNA genetic information is nothing more than the brain's long-term memory msbase.br.ain, and that these have a double helix structure and are nothing more than the chiral palm rotation sms.oms.vix.ain. In other words, all the DNA information of life is just the long-term memory of the brain, and it is estimated that the origin of DNA has been discovered. A great discovery has just been conceived.. hmm
You seem to be incredulous.. I agree that long-term memory is DNA information, and for long-term memory to be possible, stable brain function is possible, and this is possible only with well-folded proteins, and the well-folded order is the msbase of the completed puzzle, so it is logically explained. hmm.
3.
A new perspective on memory formation
Our brain works diligently to record experiences as memories, creating representations of everyday events that stay with us for a short period of time. Current scientific theories on memory formation suggest that short-term memories are stored in what can be imagined as temporary art exhibits in the brain, and are eventually emptied to make room for new experiences. Some of these short-term memories (the ones that are most important to us) can be transferred to long-term memory, a more permanent exhibit, and preserved for days, years, or even decades.
The most widely known theory suggests that this is a linear process. Our experiences are encoded into short-term memory, and then consolidated into long-term memory. However, new research by Dr. Shin Myung-sung, Dr. Paula Para-Bno, and MPFI Scientific Director Dr. Ryohei Yasuda [3] suggests that there may be another way to form long-term memories. Scientists have discovered a new pathway for the brain to form long-term memories that can bypass the formation of short-term memories.
_[3] Memories of linear processes are information acquired through learning. The development of artificial intelligence is precisely this linear deep learning-style mechanical learning. In order for them to become like long-term memories no matter how much they are increased, a lot of learning time and space are needed. However, biological brains have already accumulated long-term memories through the evolution of numerous creatures and natural environment adaptations to dna.msbase information. This is nonsense that short-term memories can describe natural dna long-term memories in an artificial intelligence-limited environment. Omitted long-term memories without the environmental process of natural evolution in space and time are nothing more than linear knots of short-term memories. No matter how good a Starship spaceship is, it can’t roam the universe as it pleases, mimicking the light of nature.
4.
This discovery is akin to finding a secret path to the brain’s permanent gallery. Previous theories suggested a single path for short-term memories to be consolidated into long-term memories. However, we now have strong evidence for at least two distinct pathways for memory formation: one dedicated to short-term memory and one dedicated to long-term memory. This could mean that our brains are more resilient than previously thought.
4-1.
Key Results: Disrupting Short-Term Memory Formation Didn’t Block Long-Term Memory
The research team focused on a specific enzyme in neurons called CaMKII, which is essential for short-term memory formation. They had previously developed an optogenetic approach that temporarily deactivated CaMKII using light. With this tool in hand, the team decided to use light to block short-term memory formation in mice.
Mice prefer dark spaces, and when given a choice, they will go straight from a bright space to a dark space. However, when mice are scared in a particular dark space, the memory of that fearful experience changes their behavior, and the mice avoid entering the dark space again. When the team used a tool to disrupt memory formation, even mice that had experienced a fearful experience an hour earlier entered the dark space, suggesting that they had no memory of that experience. The scientists successfully blocked short-term memory formation.
What happened next surprised the team. A day, a week, and even a month later, these mice were changing their behavior to avoid the previously feared area. The mice that appeared not to remember the fearful experience an hour after it happened showed clear evidence that they did remember it later. In other words, blocking short-term memory for the event did not disrupt long-term memory.
At first, this observation surprised us because it did not fit with our ideas about how memories are formed. We did not think that we could have long-term memory for an event without short-term memory.
However, when we repeated these experiments and tested the results using different tools and approaches, we became convinced that long-term memory formation is not a linear process that requires short-term memory, but rather that there must be a parallel pathway to long-term memory formation that bypasses short-term memory.
5. Implications
for memory disorders
This study changes our model of how memories are formed in the brain. Important scientific advances often come after previous models of understanding have been overturned, and the team is excited about where this field of research might lead.
"This new discovery has revised our understanding. We are now investigating how this newly discovered long-term memory formation pathway occurs. We are looking at what we can learn and what this might mean for maintaining long-term memory retention even when short-term memory is impaired due to [5]aging or cognitive impairment.]
_[5] If the organ is alive even after brain damage, it is possible to restore the brain's memories with the living organ. This could lead to the emergence of a specific cloned human who has memories of his or her life experiences and can live for thousands of years, traveling through interstellar space or living on other planets. Also, if we create and preserve msbase.nk.data that only preserves long-term brain memories, it could become a reality, like in a science fiction movie, where organs damaged by space radiation are repaired while riding a spaceship. Oh, my.
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